矿用柴油机车中新型无源液位传感器设计

针对目前矿用柴油机车液位传感器无法动态调整水箱剩余水位的报警高度、可靠性较差等问题,提出一种新型无源液位传感器的设计方案。该液位传感器采用干簧管和电阻阵列等无源器件,实现了对水箱水位高度的连续监测,并可设置报警深度,可靠性和耐高温性能较好。     

自抗扰控制器参数的免疫遗传优化及应用

针对自抗扰控制器参数较多不易整定的问题,提出了基于免疫遗传算法的参数优化设计方法。与标准遗传算法相比,免疫遗传算法引入了免疫记忆库和浓度控制机制,提高了算法的收敛效率和局部收敛性能。并且综合考虑系统动态性能和实际工程中控制代价的限制因素建立了控制系统性能评价的目标函数,按照分离性原则进行自抗扰控制器设计并用免疫遗传算法对其关键参数进行寻优。将该方法应用于过热汽温度控制系统的变工况运行,仿真实验结果表明经过免疫遗传算法优化后的自抗扰控制器适应性较强,适用于模型参数变化范围较大的受控对象。     

基于反向散射和地面标识的无源RFID标签的位置检测方法

该文提出了一种针对无源RFID标签的位置检测的方法。此方法将反向散射调制与地面标识相结合来估计标签的当前位置,不需要改变当前的RFID标准,利用现有的硬件条件就可以实现。文章首先介绍反向散射调制和地面标示估算标签位置的方法,并提出两种方法混合计算的优化算法流程,另外方法的改进措施也被提了出来。最后通过实验和仿真来说明这种方法的有效性和稳定性。     

基于被动测量的高速网络管理系统

文章介绍了,面向大规模宽带IP网络的运维和管理需求,以大规模网络流量测量和知识挖掘为基础,研究基于分布式流量测量的新一代宽带网络管理架构,采用网络被动模式测量和主动采集技术手段,实现对高速网络的性能、状态和行为的管理,并对网络测量技术的发展及现状、系统的架构、关键技术和应用情况作了详细阐述,明确下一步研究工作的目标。     

A Novel Artificially Humanized Anti-Cripto-1 Antibody Suppressing Cancer Cell Growth

Cripto-1 is a member of the EGF-CFC/FRL1/Cryptic family and is involved in embryonic development and carcinogenesis. We designed a novel anti-Cripto-1 artificial antibody and assessed the recognition to the antigen and the potential to suppress the growth of cancer stem cells. First, single chain antibody clones were isolated by bio-panning with the affinity to recombinant Cripto-1 protein from our original phage-display library. Then, the variable regions of heavy chain VH and light chain VL in each clone were fused to constant regions of heavy chain CH and light chain CL regions respectively. These fused genes were expressed in ExpiCHO-S cells to produce artificial humanized antibodies against Cripto-1. After evaluation of the expression levels, one clone was selected and the anti-Cripto-1 antibody was produced and purified. The purified antibody showed affinity to recombinant Cripto-1 at 1.1 pmol and immunoreactivity to cancer tissues and cell lines. The antibody was available to detect the immunoreactivity in tissue microarrays of malignant tumors as well as in Cripto-1 overexpressing cells. Simultaneously, the antibody exhibited the potential to suppress the growth of human colon cancer derived GEO cells overexpressing Cripto-1 with IC₅₀ at approximately 110 nM. The artificially humanized antibody is proposed to be a good candidate to target cancer cells overexpressing Cripto-1.     

Human Milk Antibodies against S1 and S2 Subunits from SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E in Mothers with a Confirmed COVID-19 PCR,Viral SYMPTOMS,and Unexposed Mothers

Background: Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 could be related to cross-reactive antibodies to common human-coronaviruses (HCoVs). This study aimed to evaluate whether human milk antibodies against to S1 and S2 subunits SARS-CoV-2 are cross-reactive to S1 and S2 subunits HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, in mothers with previous viral symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic, and in unexposed mothers; Methods: The levels of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (SIgM)/IgM, and IgG specific to S1 and S2 SARS-CoV-2, and reactive to S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E were measured in milk from 7 mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, 20 mothers with viral symptoms, and unexposed mothers (6 Ctl1-2018 and 16 Ctl2-2018) using ELISA; Results: The S2 SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were higher in the COVID-19 PCR (p = 0.014) and viral symptom (p = 0.040) groups than in the Ctl1-2018 group. We detected a higher number of positive correlations between the antigens and secretory antibodies in the COVID-19 PCR group than in the viral symptom and Ctl-2018 groups. S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43-reactive IgG was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the control group (p = 0.002) but did not differ for the other antibodies; Conclusions: Mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR and mothers with previous viral symptoms had preexisting human milk antibodies against S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2. Human milk IgG were more specific to S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2 than other antibodies, whereas SIgA and SIgM were polyreactive and cross-reactive to S1 or S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2.     

Dysregulated CD38 Expression on Peripheral Blood Immune Cell Subsets in SLE

Given its uniformly high expression on plasma cells, CD38 has been considered as a therapeutic target in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we investigate the distribution of CD38 expression by peripheral blood leukocyte lineages to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of CD38-targeting antibodies on these immune cell subsets and to delineate the use of CD38 as a biomarker in SLE. We analyzed the expression of CD38 on peripheral blood leukocyte subsets by flow and mass cytometry in two different cohorts, comprising a total of 56 SLE patients. The CD38 expression levels were subsequently correlated across immune cell lineages and subsets, and with clinical and serologic disease parameters of SLE. Compared to healthy controls (HC), CD38 expression levels in SLE were significantly increased on circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells, CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ monocytes, CD56⁺ CD16^dim natural killer cells, marginal zone-like IgD⁺CD27⁺ B cells, and on CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ memory T cells. Correlation analyses revealed coordinated CD38 expression between individual innate and memory T cell subsets in SLE but not HC. However, CD38 expression levels were heterogeneous across patients, and no correlation was found between CD38 expression on immune cell subsets and the disease activity index SLEDAI-2K or established serologic and immunological markers of disease activity. In conclusion, we identified widespread changes in CD38 expression on SLE immune cells that highly correlated over different leukocyte subsets within individual patients, but was heterogenous within the population of SLE patients, regardless of disease severity or clinical manifestations. As anti-CD38 treatment is being investigated in SLE, our results may have important implications for the personalized targeting of pathogenic leukocytes by anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies.     

Bionic Design and Simulation Analysis of Energy-Efficient and Vibration-Damping Walking Mechanism

节能减振步行机构的仿生设计及仿真分析

张锐¹,庞浩¹,何远^1,2,韩佃雷¹,文立阁³,江磊⁴,李建桥¹

（1. 吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春 130022;

2. 长春长光睿视光电技术有限责任公司,长春 130102;

3. 吉林大学 机械与航天工程学院,长春 130022;

4. 中国北方车辆研究所,北京 100072）

摘要：非洲鸵鸟能以60 km/h的速度持续奔跑30分钟,其后肢结构具有优良的节能、减振性能。为实现腿式机器人高效节能、缓冲减振的腿部机构的设计,根据鸵鸟跗骨间关节的被动回弹特性以及腿部的输出刚度可变特性,结合鸵鸟后肢结构的比例和尺寸,设计出了仿生刚-柔复合腿式机器人单腿结构。并且利用ADAMS软件模拟了仿生机械腿的运动。通过运动仿真分析,研究了内弹簧刚度系数在一定范围内的变化对机身质心垂直加速度以及电机功耗的影响,获得最佳的内弹簧刚度系数为200 N/mm,并进一步验证了内外弹簧机制能够有效地降低机械腿的能耗。仿真结果表明,采用内外弹簧机制能够有效降低电机约72.49%能耗。

关键词：工程仿生;仿生机械腿;被动回弹特性;刚-柔复合结构;节能减振

     

悬挂内筒烟囱风振控制

研究利用转动摩擦阻尼器(rotational friction hinge dampers, RFD)对高耸钢筋混凝土悬挂内筒烟囱进行风致振动被动控制。提出新型RFD-止晃节点构造,对该摩擦阻尼-悬挂内筒烟囱体系进行风振控制研究,基于Lagrange方程推导受控体系的非线性运动微分方程及其空间状态方程。以某275 m高烟囱为例,采用谐波叠加法模拟了脉动风荷载时程,对比分析5种减振方案。通过选用合理的RFD参数、合理地布置RFD和选择合适的悬挂内筒长度,能获得满意的减振效果。与常用的风振控制装置调频质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper, TMD)、调频液体阻尼器(tuned liquid damper, TLD)相比,RFD质量小,体积小,不影响烟囱内部空间正常使用,具有更大优越性。     

基于危险理论的人工免疫原理与应用*

侧重以危险理论的基本机制为线索,对危险理论的研究现状加以系统论述.首先以危险理论的免疫模型入手,归纳提炼出仿真机理并建立起隐喻算法;介绍其中具有代表性领域中的应用情况;最后对基于危险理论的人工免疫研究的下一步工作进行展望.